王科偉,樊月琴,賈治芳,謝 海,孟雙明*,郭 永,馮 鋒
(山西大同大學(xué)化學(xué)與化工學(xué)院,山西大同037009)
新型2-氨基噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮衍生物的合成與殺菌活性
王科偉,樊月琴,賈治芳,謝 海,孟雙明*,郭 永,馮 鋒
(山西大同大學(xué)化學(xué)與化工學(xué)院,山西大同037009)
以四甲基哌啶酮為底物,合成一系列噻吩并嘧啶酮衍生物,該方法應(yīng)用膦亞胺4與芳基異氰酸酯的氮雜wittig反應(yīng),得到的碳二亞胺5再與仲胺反應(yīng)。以72%~81%的總產(chǎn)率合成了8種未見文獻報道的2-二烷氨基噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮衍生物7a~7h。其結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)1H NMR、13CNMR和元素分析表征。初步生物活性測試結(jié)果表明,部分7表現(xiàn)出一定的抑菌活性,其中7f在濃度為5×10-5g/L時,對黃瓜灰毒菌的抑制率達到71%。
四甲基哌啶酮;噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮;氮雜wittig反應(yīng);抑菌活性
四甲基哌啶酮是受阻胺光穩(wěn)定劑的重要中間體和制藥中間體,其衍生物是許多生物細胞的自旋標記物[1]和光穩(wěn)定劑[2],其中的一些衍生物還具有生物活性,如抗腫瘤、鎮(zhèn)痛、解熱和抗膽堿作用[3-4]。
近些年發(fā)展起來的氮雜Wittig反應(yīng),由于方法簡便、反應(yīng)條件溫和、產(chǎn)率較高、已成為合成多取代含氮雜環(huán)的好方法[5]。丁明武等[6-8]報道了利用氮雜Wittig反應(yīng)合成了大量的咪唑啉酮、噻吩并嘧啶酮等含氮雜環(huán)的方法。本文報道了利用該方法將四甲基哌啶酮成功地引入到了噻吩并嘧啶酮衍生物中,合成了8個未見報道的2-烷胺基-3-芳基四甲基哌啶酮并噻吩并嘧啶-4(3H)-酮衍生物,并對其化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)進行表征。這對尋找和探索新的氮雜環(huán)化合物的合成方法有一定的理論意義和實際價值。
合成路線見圖1。
1.1 儀器與試劑
儀器:VARIAN UNITY-500 MHz核磁共振儀(內(nèi)標TMS,溶劑CDCl3),PE-2400自動元素分析儀,旋片式真空泵,三用紫外分析儀,79-1型磁力加熱攪拌器,高效薄層板,柱層析分離柱。
藥品:所用藥品均為分析純試劑,液體試劑用前經(jīng)無水處理,重蒸備用。
1.2 化合物的合成
1.2.1 中間體2和3的合成
[9]方法制備。
1.2.2 膦亞胺4的制備
在冰水浴冷卻下,將三乙胺(2.17 mL,9mmol)滴加到盛有氨基噻吩3(1.48 g,5mmol)、三苯基膦(2.97 g,7.5 mmol)和六氯乙烷(1.78 g,4.5 mmol)在無水CH3CN(20 mL)中的混合物,加完后繼續(xù)在0℃攪拌5.0 h。過濾,將濾出的固體以20mL混合溶劑(V乙醇∶V水醇=2∶1)分3次洗滌,得淺黃色固體;濾液則傾倒入50mL水中,濾出所得淺黃色固體。合并上述所得固體共得膦亞胺2.00 g,產(chǎn)率72%,淺黃色固體,熔點185~187℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.14(s,6H),1.35(m,9H),2.49(s,3H),2.73(s,3H),4.28(q,J=7.0,2H),7.45~7.54(m,9H),7.79~7.83(m,6H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ=14.61,24.34,33.95,38.52,43.15,54.21,56.87,60.25,103.42,127.65,129.43,162.22,165.11。 C15H24N2O2S理論值:C 60.78,H 8.16,N 9.45,S 10.82;實測值:C 60.99,H 8.25,N 9.23,S,10.73。
1.2.3 目標化合物7的合成
在氮氣保護下,稱取磷亞胺4(1.67 g,3 mmol)于50mL的圓底燒瓶中,加入10mL CH2Cl2,攪拌5 min,用注射器迅速注入體系苯基異氰酸脂(0.33mL,3mmol),于0~5℃靜置反應(yīng)6~12 h。減壓脫去溶劑,殘余物用20 mL混合溶劑(V乙醚∶V石油醚=2∶1)溶解,濾去不溶物Ph3PO,濾液再于減壓條件下脫去溶劑,得到油狀化合物碳二亞胺5,無須提純直接用于下一步反應(yīng)。
將制得的碳二亞胺5溶于置于25 mL的圓底燒瓶中,加入 10 mL干燥的CH2Cl2,加入仲胺NHEt23mmol,室溫攪拌40min,脫去溶劑,加入無水乙醇10 mL,攪拌下加入催化劑量的EtONa(0.02 g,0.3mmol)于室溫反應(yīng),TLC檢測,5 h后反應(yīng)完畢。 將體系倒入飽和氯化鈉溶液中,用30 mL CH2Cl2萃取3次,干燥,柱層析分離,得淡黃色固體7a 0.93 g,產(chǎn)率為73%。
同樣的方法合成7b~7h。
圖1 合成路線
7a:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率73%,熔點208~211℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=0.76~0.81(t,J=11.5,6H),1.15 (s,6H),1.31 (s,6H),2.55(s,3H),2.73(s,2H),2.99~3.01(m,4H),7.43~7.46(m,3H),7.48~7.51(m,2H);13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3):δ=9.31,24.35,30.01,39.55,41.66,43.37,54.39,57.62,107.31,123.22,124.87,126.35,127.38,128.31,129.47,157.63,159.58,168.91。 C24H32N4OS理論值:C 67.89,H 7.60,N 13.20,S 7.55;實測值:C 67.73,H 8.00,N 13.70,S 7.88。
7b:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率80%,熔點168~172℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.18(s,6H),1.31(s,6H),1.81(s,4H),2.55(s,3H),2.73(s,2H),2.99~3.01(m,4H),3.20~3.28(m,4H),7.45~7.48(m,3H),7.53~7.57(m,2H);13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3):δ=24.68,25.42,30.43,39.25,41.77,48.47,54.56,57.82,107.14,123.82,124.28,126.80,127.42,128.63,129.85,157.71,159.85,168.63。 C24H30N4OS理論值:C 68.21,H 7.16,N 13.26,S 7.59;實測值:C 68.55,H 7.38,N 13.01,S 7.47。
7c:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率72%,熔點133~136℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.14(s,6H),1.31(s,6H),1.53~1.68(m,4H),2.55(s,3H),2.88(s,2H),3.18(m,4H),3.67(s,2H),7.38-7.43(m,3H),7.54~7.58(m,2H);13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3):δ=24.39,24.90,25.53,30.39,39.66, 41.37,48.51,54.61,57.29,107.22,123.37,124.98,126.42,127.68,128.28,129.61,157.76,159.59,168.13。C25H32N4OS理論值:C 68.77,H 7.39,N 12.83,S 7.34;實測值:C 68.97,H 7.11,N 12.64,S 7.59。
7d:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率83%,熔點181~183℃;1H NMR (CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.12 (s,6H),1.29(s,6H),2.58(s,3H),2.75(s,2H),3.55(s,2H),3.67~3.69 (m,6H),7.43-7.46 (m,3H),7.48~7.51(m,2H);13C NMR(125 MHz,CDCl3):δ=24.43,39.55,41.23,43.57,47.29,54.66,57.62,66.20,108.50,122.23,124.75,126.39,127.22, 128.33, 129.16, 157.93, 159.25,168.43。C25H31N3O2S理論值:C 68.62,H 7.14,N 9.60,S 7.33;實測值:C 68.77,H 7.28,N 9.42,S 7.15。
7e:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率79%,熔點192~194℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.09~1.12(t,J=7.0,6H),1.18(s,6H),1.33(s,6H),2.58(s,3H),2.64 (s,2H),3.11~3.17(m,4H),7.35 (d,J=9.0,2.0,2H),7.45(d,J=9.0,2.0,2H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ=12.91,24.28,31.11,39.52,41.57,43.62,54.52,57.44,112.31,127.31,127.57,128.46,129.07,129.30;135.25,152.46,157.39,160.48。C24H31ClN4OS理論值:C 62.79,H 6.81,Cl 7.72,N 12.21,S 6.99;實測值:C 62.63,H 6.77,Cl 7.49,N 12.36,S 6.82。
7f:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率85%,熔點237~240℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.12(s,6H),1.34(s,6H),1.86(s,4H),2.58(s,3H),2.77(s,2H),2.93~2.98(m,4H),3.16~3.17(m,4H),7.37(d,J=9.0,2.0,2H),7.41(d,J=9.0,2.0,2H);13C NMR (125 MHz,CDCl3):δ=28.35,26.68,32.16,37.38,40.33,47.64,54.23,56.89,112.24,123.14,124.21,125.26,126.81,127.25,128.88,153.71,157.85,160.63。C24H29ClN4OS理論值C 63.07,H 6.40,Cl 7.76,N 12.26,S 7.02;實測值:C 63.32,H 6.58,Cl 7.98,N 12.49,S 6.81。
7g:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率84%,熔點179~183℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.14(s,6H),1.37(s,6H),1.61~1.67(m,4H),2.49(s,3H),2.76(s,2H),3.17(m,4H),3.61(s,2H),7.38(d,J=9.0,2.0,2H),7.43 (d,J=9.0,2.0,2H); C NMR (125 MHz,CDCl3):δ=24.41,24.93,25.43,30.54,38.63,42.41,48.39,54.24,58.45,112.24,123.23,124.25,125.33,126.65,127.81,128.57,153.91,157.41,160.30。C25H31ClN4OS理論值:C 63.74,H 6.63,Cl 7.53,N 11.89,S 6.81;實測值:C 63.88,H 6.51,Cl 7.36,N 11.71,S 6.65。
7h:淡黃色固體,產(chǎn)率79%,熔點201~203℃;1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz):δ=1.11(s,6H),1.23(s,6H),2.53(s,3H),2.80(s,2H),3.54(s,2H),3.71~3.74(m,6H),7.31 (d,J=9.0,2.0,2H),7.39 (d,J=9.0,2.0,2H);13C NMR (125 MHz,CDCl3):δ=24.31,39.43,41.61,43.90,47.58,54.27,57.61,66.87,112.51,123.42,124.14,125.86,126.30,127.81,128.59,153.45,157.17,160.59。C24H29ClN4O2S理論值:C 60.94,H 6.18,Cl 7.49,N 11.84,S 6.78;實測值:C 60.83,H 6.00,Cl 7.56,N 11.66,S 6.38。
2.1 反應(yīng)條件
1)2-氨基-噻吩 2的合成及處理:各反應(yīng)物的量必須嚴格控制在等摩爾數(shù),特別是硫磺不可過量,否則難于分離;反應(yīng)結(jié)束后,如果直接處理的話,很難能得到散落狀的固體,需在冰箱里冷藏2~3 h,再抽濾就能得到純度較高的散落狀固體。
2)化合物3的合成:體系溫度不能過高,反應(yīng)溫度應(yīng)控制在20℃左右,此時反應(yīng)制得的化合物3的純度和產(chǎn)率均較高;若該反應(yīng)溫度提高,則副反應(yīng)增多,產(chǎn)率下降。
3)碳二亞胺5與仲氨的加成反應(yīng)進行較快,所生成的類胍中間體 6必須在醇鈉的催化作用下才能成環(huán),但溫度不能太低,若溫度太低不能有效地實現(xiàn)關(guān)環(huán)而得到嘧啶酮類化合物。
2.2 化合物7的結(jié)構(gòu)表征和殺菌活性
所合成的化合物都經(jīng)1H NMR,13C NMR,元素分析數(shù)據(jù)表征,與其理論值與計算值也符合得很好,其相對誤差均在允許范圍內(nèi)。
采用含毒介質(zhì)法(c=5×10-5g/L)對化合物7的殺菌活性進行了初步測試,見表1。
表1 7的殺菌活性
所選用的菌種為:棉花枯萎菌(Fusarium oxysporium,Ⅰ),水稻紋枯菌(Rhizoctonia solani,Ⅱ),黃瓜灰毒菌 (Botrytis ciereapers,Ⅲ),小麥赤毒菌(Gibberella zeae,Ⅳ),蘋果輪紋菌(Dothiorella gregaria,Ⅴ),棉花炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gossypii,Ⅵ)。結(jié)果表明化合物7對所試驗的六種菌種效果不是很理想,只有部分菌種表現(xiàn)出一定的抑菌活性,特別是化合物7 h在濃度5×10-5g/L時對黃瓜灰毒菌表現(xiàn)出71%的B級抑菌率。
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〔責(zé)任編輯 楊德兵〕
Synthesis of Novel 2-Am ino-thieno[2,3-d]pyrim idin-4(3H)-ones
WANG Ke-wei,F(xiàn)AN Yue-qin,JIA Zhi-fang,XIE Hai,MENG Shuang-ming,GUO Yong,F(xiàn)ENG Feng
(Shcool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,ShanxiDatong University,Datong Shanxi,037009)
A series of 2-dialkylamino-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized with 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidone as the substrate.Eight unreported 2-dialkylamino-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones 7a-7h were synthesized in 72%-85%yields by aza-Wittig reaction of iminophosphorane 4 with aromatic isocyanates give the carbodiimide 5,which were reacted with secondary amines in presence of catalytic EtONa.The structure of 7a-7h were confirmed by1H NMR,13CNMR,elementary analysis.The preliminary biological activity tests that 7 exhibited some fungicidal activities and 7f provided 71%inhibition activity against Botrytis ciereapers at 5×10-5g·L-1.
2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidone;thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one;aza-Wittig reaction;fungicidal activity
TQ560.7;O626
A
1674-0874(2012)02-0032-04
2011-02-28
山西省自然科學(xué)基金[NO:2010011018];山西大同大學(xué)青年科學(xué)研究項目[2011Q10]
王科偉(1982-),男,山西晉城人,助教,研究方向:雜環(huán)化合物合成方法學(xué)研究;*孟雙明,男,教授,通信作者。