七年級(jí)易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)正誤例析

英語有很多很細(xì)小的知識(shí)點(diǎn),而這些細(xì)小的知識(shí)點(diǎn)往往就是考點(diǎn)。同學(xué)們很容易由于注意不到而犯錯(cuò)誤,下面就初一年級(jí)同學(xué)們比較容易犯錯(cuò)誤的知識(shí)點(diǎn)做一分類例析。

[第一類] 名詞

1. 這些女老師們?cè)诟墒裁?

[誤] What are the woman teachers doing?

[正] What are the women teachers doing?

[析] 在英語中,當(dāng)一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式)時(shí),作定語的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當(dāng)man, woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式men, women。

2. 房間里有多少人?

[誤] How many peoples are there in the room?

[正] How many people are there in the room?

[析] people作“人、人們”解時(shí),是個(gè)集合名詞,其單復(fù)數(shù)同形。

3. 我想為我奶奶買兩瓶牛奶。

[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my grandmother.

[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my grandmother.

[析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí),常用“a/an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu),其中當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時(shí),表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。

[第二類] 動(dòng)詞

4. 你妹妹通常什么時(shí)候去上學(xué)?

[誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

[析] 借助助動(dòng)詞do或does構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句時(shí),句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用其原形。

5. 琳達(dá)晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè),但今晚她在看電視。

[誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.

[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

[析] 在初一英語學(xué)習(xí)階段,我們接觸到了兩種主要時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等時(shí)間狀語連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中,若主語是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be(am/is/are)+v-ing形式構(gòu)成。

6. 這雙鞋是紅色的。

[誤] This pair of shoes are red.

[正] This pair of shoes is red.

[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成雙成對(duì)的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計(jì)量)修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的形式由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來決定。

[第三類] 代詞

7. 這張票是她的,不是我的。

[誤] This is hers ticket. Its not my.

[正] This is her ticket. Its not mine.

[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。

8. 吳老師教我們英語。

[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.

[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的賓語,因此當(dāng)sb.為人稱代詞時(shí)要用其賓格形式。

[第四類] 介詞

9. 你能找到這個(gè)問題的答案嗎?

[誤] Can you find the answer of this question?

[正] Can you find the answer to this question?

[析] 英語中用“the answer to…”表示“……的答案”。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。

10. 格林先生星期日晚上來這里。

[誤] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.

[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.

[析] 表示在上午、下午、晚上等時(shí),介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午、晚上時(shí),介詞要用on。

11. 那個(gè)穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。

[誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teachers daughter.

[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teachers daughter.

[析] 用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時(shí),只能用in,其他介詞沒有此用法。

[第五類] 副詞

12. 莉莉,你為什么不回家呢?

[誤] Lily, why dont you go to home?

[正] Lily, why dont you go home?

[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí),地點(diǎn)副詞前不加to。

[第六類] 連詞

13. 我喜歡語文和英語,但我不喜歡體育和歷史。

[誤] I like Chinese and English, but I dont like P.E. and history.

[正] I like Chinese and English, but I dont like P.E. or history.

[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中,并列成分之間的連接需用or。

[第七類] 冠詞

14. 乘飛機(jī)去北京花了史密斯一家人一個(gè)小時(shí)。

[誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.

[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.

[析] ①表示“……一家人”用結(jié)構(gòu)“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”; ②hour 一詞的第一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音,它是以元音音素開頭的,所以“一小時(shí)”要用 an hour; ③用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時(shí),交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。

[第八類] 句法

15.“你不是學(xué)生嗎?”“不,我是學(xué)生。”

[誤] “Arent you a student?”“No, I am.”

[正] “Arent you a student?”“Yes, I am.”

[析] 對(duì)否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決于實(shí)際情況:如果事實(shí)是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事實(shí)是否定的,就用No表“是的”。