胡揚(yáng)朋
Unit 8When is your birthday?
1. —When is your birthday, Vera? 維拉,你的生日是哪一天?
—My birthday is October tenth. (P47) 我的生日是十月十日。
1) when與what time比較:
when和what time都可以表示“什么時(shí)候”,當(dāng)詢問做某事的具體時(shí)間時(shí),兩者可以互換。例如:
—What time/When do you usually get up? 你通常什么時(shí)候起床?
—At about six. 大約六點(diǎn)鐘。
詢問日期、月份或年份時(shí),通常用when, 而不用what time。 例如:
—When were you born? 你是什么時(shí)候出生的?
—I was born on May 10, 1986. 我出生于1986年5月10日。
what time用于詢問某個(gè)具體的時(shí)刻或鐘點(diǎn)。例如:
—At what time do you go to school? 你幾點(diǎn)鐘去上學(xué)?
—I go to school at seven. 我七點(diǎn)鐘去上學(xué)。
2) 英語(yǔ)中的日期表達(dá)法與漢語(yǔ)不一樣,漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)順序是年、月、日,而英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)順序通常是月、日、年。例如:
October 10th, 1988 1988年10月10日
表示日期時(shí)應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞,書寫時(shí)定冠詞the可以省略,序數(shù)詞的詞尾“th”也可以省略,但讀時(shí)一定要讀成序數(shù)詞。例如: October 2/2nd 讀作October the second。
2. —How old are you? 你多大了?
—Im fifteen. (P49) 我十五歲。
當(dāng)你想知道某人的年齡時(shí),可以用“How old + be + 主語(yǔ)?”進(jìn)行詢問,意為“某人多大年齡/幾歲”,回答時(shí)常用“主語(yǔ) + be + 基數(shù)詞 + year(s)/months old”結(jié)構(gòu),也可以直接用一個(gè)基數(shù)詞回答。例如:
—How old is your elder brother? 你哥哥多大了?
—Twenty. 二十歲了。
—How old is the baby? 這個(gè)嬰兒多大了?
—He is five months old. 他五個(gè)月了。
“How old are you?”的同義句為“Whats your age?”, 其答語(yǔ)為“Its ...”。 例如:
—Whats your age? 你多大了?
—Its ten. 十歲。
注意:對(duì)于不熟悉的人,尤其是女性,最好不要直接問“How old are you?”, 否則會(huì)被視為不禮貌。如果你想知道對(duì)方的年齡,你可以說“Guess how old I am.”。 當(dāng)對(duì)方猜出你的年齡之后,你可以說“What about you?”, 這樣語(yǔ)氣顯得比較委婉。
3. Use your own name, age and date of birth. (P49) 使用你自己的姓名、年齡和生日信息。
名詞age可以用來表示“年紀(jì)”、“歲數(shù)”。例如:
His two sons look the same age. 他的兩個(gè)兒子看上去年齡一樣大。
She is forty years of age. 她今年四十歲。
注意: 1) 用age作主語(yǔ)表示“某人的年齡是幾歲”時(shí),表語(yǔ)只能用數(shù)詞,后面不能再加years old。 試譯:他的年齡是二十歲。
誤: His age is twenty years old.
正: His age is twenty.
2) 用young/old作表語(yǔ)表示“某人年紀(jì)輕/年紀(jì)大”時(shí),不能用age作主語(yǔ)。試譯:他母親的年紀(jì)很大。
誤: His mothers age is very old.
正: His mother is very old.
4. —Do you have a School Day at your school? 你們學(xué)校有校慶日嗎?
—Yes, we do. (P51) 是的,有。
1) School Day意為“校慶日”, school day則意為“學(xué)校上課日”。
2) day與date比較:
day表示“白天”、“一日”,可指長(zhǎng)達(dá)24小時(shí)的一整天,與night相對(duì)。例如:
He works eight hours a day. 他一天工作八個(gè)小時(shí)。
We are very busy these days. 這些天我們很忙。
day也含有“節(jié)日”、“假日”、“生日”的意思。例如:
New Years Day is the 1st of January. 元旦是一月一日。
day有時(shí)也指天氣情況。例如:
Its a fine day today. 今天天氣晴朗。
date指具體的日期。例如:
The date of her birth is June 13, 1977. 她出生于1977年6月13日。
You forgot the date! 你忘了日期!
注意: day與date在下面的句子中的意思是不一樣的。試比較:
—Whats the date today? 今天幾號(hào)?
—Its May 3rd. 今天是5月3日。
—What day is today? 今天是星期幾?
—Today is Sunday. 今天是星期日。
5. Are you having a fun birthday? (P52) 你生日過得開心嗎?
have a fun birthday意為“生日過得開心”, fun在句中作形容詞用,意為“有樂趣的”。例如:
For most students, the weekend was fun. 對(duì)大部分學(xué)生來說,周末是愉快的。
[練一練]
1. 用when或what time填空。
1) — _______does your mother go to work?
—She goes to work at 8:00.
2) —________do you play basketball?
—I play basketball in the afternoon.
3) —At________do you usually have breakfast?
—I usually have breakfast at seven.
4) —__________is it now?
—Its eight oclock.
2. 用day或date填空。
1) —Are you busy these __________?
—Yes, we are.
2) —Do you know what_________it is today?
—Its Saturday.
3) —What is the__________today?
—Its November 2.
4) Please put the__________on the upper right of the letter.
Key:
1. 1) When/What time2) When3) what time4) What time
2. 1) days2) day3) date4) date
Unit 9Do you want to go to a movie?
1. Do you want to go to a movie? (P53) 你想去看電影嗎?
1) want是及物動(dòng)詞,后跟名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ),意為“想要某物”。例如:
The boy wants an apple. 那個(gè)男孩想要一個(gè)蘋果。
I want a new bicycle for my birthday. 我過生日的時(shí)候想要一輛新自行車。
want后面也可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),意為“想要做某事”。例如:
I want to go to Europe. 我想去歐洲。
My sister wants to learn English, too. 我妹妹也想學(xué)英語(yǔ)。
want也可用于“want somebody to do something”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“想要某人去做某事”。例如:
I want you to help me. 我想讓你幫個(gè)忙。
My classmates want me to work for the wall-newspaper. 我們班的同學(xué)想讓我負(fù)責(zé)墻報(bào)工作。
2) go to a movie意為“去看電影”。此意也可用go to movies/go to see a film/go to the cinema等表示。例如:
I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我星期天常去看電影。
Lets go to see a movie. 我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍伞?/p>
2. What kind of movies do you like? (P54) 你喜歡看什么樣的電影?
What kind of意為“什么樣的”、“哪一種”。例如:
What kind of man is he? 他是哪種類型的人?
What kind of book do you like? 你喜歡哪一類書?
注意: what kind of之后一般不用冠詞。 kind是名詞,意為“種類”, a kind of意為“一種”, all kinds of意為“各種各樣的”, many kinds of意為“許多種的”等。例如:
This is a kind of new bike. 這是一種新自行車。
He has all kinds of stamps. 他有各種各樣的郵票。
3. Find classmates who like the kinds of movies on the chart below. (P55) 找出喜歡看下表中那些類型的電影的同學(xué)。
1) find與look for比較:
find和look for都有“找”的意思。 look for意為“尋找”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的動(dòng)作和過程。例如:
He is looking for different places. 他在尋找不同的地點(diǎn)。
Are you still looking for your bike? 你還在找你的自行車嗎?
find意為“找到”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果。例如:
I cant find the broom. 我找不到掃帚。
I hope youll soon find your lost ring. 我希望你早點(diǎn)找到你丟失的戒指。
2) someone與some one比較:
someone(= somebody)意為“某人”、“有人”, 不能與of短語(yǔ)連用。 someone用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。例如:
Someone wants to see you. 有人想見你。
Someone says so. 有人這樣說。
some one意為“某一個(gè)人/物”,可以與of短語(yǔ)連用。例如:
Some one of my friends will come to see me. 我有位朋友要來看我。
Some one of these books is very interesting. 這些書中有一本非常有趣。
4. June really likes action movies, and she often goes to see Chinese action movies. (P56) 瓊確實(shí)喜歡動(dòng)作片,而且她經(jīng)常去看中國(guó)的動(dòng)作片。
really用作副詞,意為“真正地”、“無疑地”,常用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞。例如:
Do you really love him? 你真地愛他嗎?
Im really hungry. 我真是餓了。
really還可以用來表示驚訝,甚至難以置信,意為“真的嗎?”、“是這樣的嗎?”。例如:
—Im going to the United States next month. 我下個(gè)月要去美國(guó)。
—Really? 真的嗎?
5. She thinks they are very exciting. (P56) 她認(rèn)為它們非常令人興奮。
動(dòng)詞think意為“認(rèn)為”,后面可以跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句, that通??梢允÷浴@纾?/p>
I think (that) he is right. 我認(rèn)為他是對(duì)的。
She thinks (that) she is old. 她認(rèn)為她老了。
注意: think后面接含有否定意義的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常將該賓語(yǔ)從句中的not轉(zhuǎn)移到think前面,這叫做否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。試譯:我認(rèn)為吉姆不會(huì)游泳。
誤: I think Jim cant swim.
正: I dont think Jim can swim.
6. She thinks she can learn about Chinese history. (P56) 她認(rèn)為她可以了解中國(guó)歷史。
1) 動(dòng)詞詞組learn about (= learn of) 意為“聽說”、“了解到”,強(qiáng)調(diào)間接地獲得信息或了解到某種情況。例如:
We learned about him from his words. 我們從他的言談話語(yǔ)中了解到他的情況。
I am sorry to learn of his illness. 聽說他生病,我感到很難過。
2) Chinese意為“中國(guó)的”、“中國(guó)人的”,作形容詞用。例如:
Many Americans like Chinese food. 許多美國(guó)人喜歡中國(guó)食品。
The Chinese people love peace. 中國(guó)人民熱愛和平。
Chinese也可以作名詞用,意為“中國(guó)人”。“一個(gè)中國(guó)人”是a Chinese, “許多中國(guó)人”是many Chinese。 Chinese的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式是一樣的。例如:
We are Chinese. 我們是中國(guó)人。
The Chinese are hard-working and kind. 中國(guó)人民勤勞、善良。
Chinese也可以作“漢語(yǔ)”解。例如:
Mary can sing in Chinese. 瑪麗能用漢語(yǔ)唱歌。
7. He often goes to see Beijing Opera on weekends. (P57) 周末他常去看京戲。
1) often意為“常?!?、“經(jīng)常”,是頻度副詞,一般位于行為動(dòng)詞之前,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞之后。例如:
He is often late for school. 他經(jīng)常上學(xué)遲到。
I often go to the park with my mother on Sundays. 星期天我經(jīng)常和媽媽一起去公園。
It rains very often here in July. 這里七月份經(jīng)常下雨。
8. Mike is English, but he likes Beijing Opera! (P57) 邁克是英國(guó)人,可他喜歡京戲。
1) “他是英國(guó)人”可以說成“He is English.”, 不能說“He is an English.”, 但可以說“He is an Englishman.”。 the English是“英國(guó)人”的總稱,用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
The English speak English. 英國(guó)人說英語(yǔ)。
2) but是并列連詞,意為“但是”、“然而”,它連接的詞、短語(yǔ)和句子之間有對(duì)立或?qū)φ盏年P(guān)系。例如:
I have two sisters but no brothers. 我有兩個(gè)姐姐,但沒有兄弟。
She is an American, but she lives in England. 她是美國(guó)人,但居住在英國(guó)。
Its not cheap, but its very good. 這東西不便宜,但質(zhì)量很好。
[練一練] 用find或look for填空:
1) Hello, Tom! Someone _________you.
2) Can you _________these places?
3) I _________my brother. Do you know where he is?
4) He_______his pen, but he cant_______it.
Key: 1) is looking for2) find3) am looking for
4) is looking for; find